/* ============================================================
   IEEE IES Custom Theme — Orange & White
   ============================================================ */

a, a:visited { color: #E87722; }
a:hover, a:focus { color: #bf5a14; text-decoration: none; }

.btn-primary {
  background-color: #E87722;
  border-color: #d4701e;
  color: #fff;
  border-radius: 3px;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}
.btn-primary:hover, .btn-primary:focus, .btn-primary:active, .btn-primary.active {
  background-color: #bf5a14;
  border-color: #a84e10;
  color: #fff;
}

.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a:hover,
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a:focus { color: #E87722 !important; }

/* YAMM mega-menu — orange section headers */
.yamm .yamm-content h5 {
  color: #E87722 !important;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1px;
  border-bottom: 2px solid #E87722;
  padding-bottom: 6px;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  margin-top: 10px;
}
.yamm .yamm-content ul li a {
  color: #444;
  padding: 6px 0;
  font-size: 14px;
  display: block;
  transition: color 0.15s, padding-left 0.15s;
}
.yamm .yamm-content ul li a:hover {
  color: #E87722;
  padding-left: 6px;
  text-decoration: none;
}
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > .active > a,
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > .active > a:hover,
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > .active > a:focus {
  color: #E87722 !important;
  background: transparent;
}
.navbar-default .navbar-toggle:hover,
.navbar-default .navbar-toggle:focus { background-color: #E87722; }
.navbar-default .navbar-toggle .icon-bar { background-color: #E87722; }

#topbar { background-color: #1a1a2e; }
#topbar a { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.8); }
#topbar a:hover { color: #E87722; }

.page-header { border-bottom-color: #E87722; }
h1.section-heading, h2.section-heading { color: #E87722; }

.owl-theme .owl-controls .owl-page span { background: #E87722; }
.owl-theme .owl-controls .owl-page.active span { background: #E87722; }

/* Carousel background — IES orange (lighter than the stats band for visual rhythm) */
.home-carousel {
  background-image: none !important;
  background-color: #F89B47 !important;
}
.home-carousel .dark-mask {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #F89B47 0%, #E87722 100%) !important;
  opacity: 1 !important;
}
.home-carousel h1 { color: #ffffff; }
.home-carousel p { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.92); }

/* Hide the grey page-title banner site-wide */
#heading-breadcrumbs { display: none !important; }

/* Sticky footer pattern — pin footer to viewport bottom on short pages */
html { height: 100%; }
body { margin: 0; min-height: 100%; }
#all {
  min-height: 100vh;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}
#all > .ies-footer { margin-top: auto; }

/* ============================================================
   IEEE IES Footer — compact single-row when possible
   ============================================================ */
.ies-footer {
  background: #fff;
  border-top: 1px solid #e3e3e3;
  padding: 10px 28px;
  font-size: 13px;
  color: #1a1a2e;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px 18px;
}
.ies-footer-text-line {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px;
  flex: 1 1 auto;
}
.ies-footer-name { font-weight: 700; color: #1a1a2e; }
.ies-footer-sep { color: #c5c5c5; user-select: none; }
.ies-footer-text { color: #6b6b6b; }
.ies-footer-join { color: #0d6efd; font-weight: 600; }
.ies-footer-join:hover { color: #0a58ca; text-decoration: underline; }
.ies-footer-copyright { color: #888; font-size: 12px; white-space: nowrap; }

.ies-footer-social { display: flex; gap: 5px; }
.ies-footer-social a {
  width: 22px; height: 22px;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: #fff !important;
  font-size: 10px;
  border-radius: 3px;
  transition: opacity 0.15s, transform 0.15s;
  text-decoration: none;
}
.ies-footer-social a:hover { opacity: 0.9; transform: translateY(-1px); }
.ies-footer-social .social-fb { background: #5b7fa8; }
.ies-footer-social .social-x  { background: #1a1a1a; }
.ies-footer-social .social-li { background: #c44d57; }
.ies-footer-social .social-yt { background: #ff0000; }

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .ies-footer { padding: 10px 16px; }
  .ies-footer-sep { display: none; }
  .ies-footer-text-line { gap: 6px; flex-basis: 100%; }
}

/* ============================================================
   HOMEPAGE — World Map Section
   ============================================================ */
.ies-worldmap-section { padding: 70px 0 30px; background: #ffffff; }
.ies-worldmap-section .section-title {
  font-size: 30px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #1a1a2e;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  text-align: center;
}
.ies-worldmap-section .section-title span { color: #E87722; }
.ies-worldmap-section .section-subtitle {
  color: #888;
  font-size: 15px;
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 36px;
}
.ies-map-wrapper { position: relative; max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 15px; }
.ies-hubmap-controls-outer {
  position: absolute;
  top: 12px;
  right: 25px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 4px;
  z-index: 10;
}
.ies-hubmap-controls-outer button {
  width: 32px;
  height: 32px;
  background: rgba(232,119,34,0.12);
  border: 1px solid rgba(232,119,34,0.4);
  border-radius: 6px;
  color: #E87722;
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: background 0.15s;
}
.ies-hubmap-controls-outer button:hover { background: rgba(232,119,34,0.28); }
.ies-map-hint {
  text-align: center;
  font-size: 11px;
  color: #aaa;
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
  margin-top: 10px;
}
.ies-map-legend {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 14px;
  margin-top: 14px;
  font-size: 13px;
  color: #555;
}
.ies-map-legend .ldot {
  display: inline-block;
  width: 10px; height: 10px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  margin-right: 4px;
  vertical-align: middle;
}

/* ============================================================
   HOMEPAGE — Stats Counter Band
   ============================================================ */
.ies-stats-section {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #E87722 0%, #bf5a14 100%);
  padding: 60px 0;
  color: #fff;
}
.ies-stats-section .stat-block { text-align: center; padding: 20px 10px; }
.ies-stats-section .stat-icon {
  font-size: 32px;
  opacity: 0.7;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  display: block;
}
.ies-stats-section .stat-number {
  font-size: 52px;
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 1;
  display: block;
  color: #fff;
}
.ies-stats-section .stat-label {
  font-size: 13px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1.5px;
  opacity: 0.82;
  margin-top: 10px;
  display: block;
}

/* ============================================================
   HUB PAGE
   ============================================================ */
.hub-hero {
  padding: 56px 0 46px;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1a1a2e 0%, #2a2a4a 100%);
  color: #fff;
  border-bottom: 4px solid #E87722;
}
.hub-hero .hub-region-tag {
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 2px;
  color: #E87722;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.hub-hero h1 {
  font-size: 38px;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: #fff;
  margin: 0 0 10px;
}
.hub-hero .hub-city {
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.6);
  font-size: 16px;
}

.hub-stats-band {
  background: #f7f8fa;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
  padding: 36px 0;
}
.hub-stat-block { text-align: center; padding: 10px; }
.hub-stat-block .h-num {
  font-size: 44px;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: #E87722;
  display: block;
  line-height: 1;
}
.hub-stat-block .h-label {
  font-size: 12px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1.2px;
  color: #999;
  margin-top: 8px;
  display: block;
}

.hub-leaders-section { padding: 56px 0; background: #fff; }
.hub-leaders-section h2,
.hub-nodes-section h2 {
  font-size: 26px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #1a1a2e;
  margin-bottom: 28px;
  border-left: 4px solid #E87722;
  padding-left: 14px;
}
.leader-card {
  border-radius: 12px;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 24px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  transition: transform 0.22s, box-shadow 0.22s;
  background: #fff;
}
.leader-card:hover { transform: translateY(-5px); box-shadow: 0 10px 32px rgba(0,0,0,0.13); }
.leader-photo-wrap {
  height: 220px;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #E87722, #bf5a14);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.leader-photo-wrap img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; }
.leader-photo-initials {
  font-size: 68px;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.9);
  line-height: 1;
}
.leader-card .lc-body { padding: 20px 22px 22px; }
.leader-card .lc-name { font-size: 17px; font-weight: 700; color: #1a1a2e; margin: 0 0 4px; }
.leader-card .lc-title { font-size: 11px; font-weight: 700; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.5px; color: #E87722; margin-bottom: 10px; }
.leader-card .lc-uni { font-size: 13px; color: #888; margin-bottom: 10px; }
.leader-card .lc-bio { font-size: 14px; color: #555; line-height: 1.65; }
.leader-card .lc-contact { margin-top: 14px; font-size: 13px; }

.hub-nodes-section { padding: 20px 0 56px; background: #f7f8fa; }
.node-card {
  background: #fff;
  border-radius: 10px;
  border-left: 4px solid #E87722;
  padding: 24px 26px;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 14px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
  transition: transform 0.2s, box-shadow 0.2s;
}
.node-card:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.08); }
.node-card .nc-name { font-size: 20px; font-weight: 700; color: #1a1a2e; margin: 0 0 4px; }
.node-card .nc-city { font-size: 13px; color: #E87722; font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: 4px; }
.node-card .nc-coord { font-size: 12px; color: #bbb; margin-bottom: 16px; }
.node-event-row {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 10px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #f2f2f2;
  gap: 12px;
}
.node-event-row:last-child { border-bottom: none; }
.event-badge {
  background: #E87722;
  color: #fff;
  font-size: 10px;
  font-weight: 700;
  padding: 3px 8px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.event-title { font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; color: #333; flex: 1; }
.event-meta { font-size: 11px; color: #aaa; text-align: right; line-height: 1.5; flex-shrink: 0; }

.hub-back-link { padding: 30px 0; background: #f7f8fa; }

/* ============================================================
   HUB BODY (2-column layout with sidebar)
   ============================================================ */
.hub-body { padding: 50px 0; background: #f7f8fa; min-height: 60vh; }
.hub-main { padding-right: 30px; }
@media (max-width: 991px) {
  .hub-main { padding-right: 15px; margin-bottom: 30px; }
}

/* ============================================================
   HUB SIDEBAR (right tree navigation)
   ============================================================ */
.hub-sidebar { position: sticky; top: 80px; }
.hub-sidebar-inner {
  background: #fff;
  border-radius: 10px;
  padding: 20px 18px;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 14px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
  border: 1px solid #eee;
  font-size: 14px;
}
.hub-sidebar-title {
  font-size: 11px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1.5px;
  color: #999;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
  padding-bottom: 10px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #f0f0f0;
}
.hub-sidebar-title i { color: #E87722; margin-right: 6px; }

.sidebar-hub-link {
  display: block;
  padding: 8px 10px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #1a1a2e;
  text-decoration: none;
  border-radius: 6px;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  transition: background 0.15s;
}
.sidebar-hub-link i { color: #E87722; margin-right: 6px; }
.sidebar-hub-link:hover { background: #fff8f3; color: #1a1a2e; text-decoration: none; }
.sidebar-hub-link.active { background: #E87722; color: #fff; }
.sidebar-hub-link.active i { color: #fff; }

.sidebar-spokes { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; }
.sidebar-spoke { margin-bottom: 4px; }
.spoke-link {
  display: block;
  padding: 7px 10px;
  color: #444;
  text-decoration: none;
  border-radius: 6px;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 13px;
  transition: background 0.15s, color 0.15s;
}
.spoke-link i { color: #E87722; margin-right: 6px; font-size: 11px; }
.spoke-link:hover { background: #fff8f3; color: #E87722; text-decoration: none; }
.spoke-link.active { background: rgba(232,119,34,0.12); color: #E87722; }
.spoke-city {
  display: block;
  font-size: 11px;
  color: #aaa;
  font-weight: 400;
  margin-top: 2px;
  margin-left: 18px;
}

.sidebar-events {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 4px 0 4px 18px;
  margin: 0;
  border-left: 2px solid #f0f0f0;
  margin-left: 14px;
  display: none;
}
.sidebar-spoke.expanded .sidebar-events { display: block; }
.event-link {
  display: block;
  padding: 5px 10px;
  color: #777;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 12px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  line-height: 1.4;
  transition: color 0.15s, background 0.15s;
}
.event-link:hover { color: #E87722; background: #fff8f3; text-decoration: none; }
.event-link.active { color: #E87722; font-weight: 600; }

.sidebar-back {
  margin-top: 18px;
  padding-top: 14px;
  border-top: 1px solid #f0f0f0;
  font-size: 13px;
}
.sidebar-back a { color: #888; text-decoration: none; }
.sidebar-back a:hover { color: #E87722; }

/* ============================================================
   HUB OVERVIEW — Spoke Summary Cards
   ============================================================ */
.hub-spokes-summary { margin-top: 40px; }
.hub-spokes-summary h2 {
  font-size: 24px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #1a1a2e;
  border-left: 4px solid #E87722;
  padding-left: 14px;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}
a.spoke-summary-card,
a.spoke-summary-card:visited,
a.spoke-summary-card:hover,
a.spoke-summary-card:focus {
  display: block;
  background: #fff;
  border-radius: 10px;
  padding: 22px;
  margin-bottom: 22px;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
  border-left: 4px solid #E87722;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: inherit;
  transition: transform 0.2s, box-shadow 0.2s, border-left-color 0.2s;
}
a.spoke-summary-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 26px rgba(232, 119, 34, 0.18);
  border-left-color: #bf5a14;
  border-left-width: 6px;
}
.spoke-summary-card h3 {
  font-size: 18px;
  font-weight: 700;
  margin: 0 0 6px;
  color: #1a1a2e;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
}
.spoke-summary-card .ssc-arrow { font-size: 13px; color: #E87722; opacity: 0; transition: opacity 0.2s, transform 0.2s; }
a.spoke-summary-card:hover h3 { color: #E87722; }
a.spoke-summary-card:hover .ssc-arrow { opacity: 1; transform: translateX(4px); }
.ssc-city { font-size: 12px; color: #E87722; font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: 4px; }
.ssc-coord { font-size: 12px; color: #888; margin-bottom: 12px; }
.ssc-stats { display: flex; gap: 18px; font-size: 13px; color: #666; margin-bottom: 12px; }
.ssc-stats strong { color: #1a1a2e; font-weight: 700; }
.ssc-recent {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: #666;
  padding: 8px 10px;
  background: #f7f8fa;
  border-radius: 6px;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  font-weight: 500;
}
.ssc-recent strong { color: #1a1a2e; }
.ssc-recent-date { color: #aaa; margin-left: 4px; font-weight: 400; }
.ssc-explore { font-size: 12px; color: #E87722; font-weight: 600; }
.ssc-explore i { margin-left: 4px; transition: margin-left 0.2s; }
a.spoke-summary-card:hover .ssc-explore i { margin-left: 8px; }

/* Sidebar — neutralize visited link color */
.hub-sidebar a, .hub-sidebar a:visited { color: inherit; }
.spoke-link, .spoke-link:visited { color: #444; }
.event-link, .event-link:visited { color: #777; }
.sidebar-hub-link, .sidebar-hub-link:visited { color: #1a1a2e; }
.sidebar-hub-link.active, .sidebar-hub-link.active:visited { color: #fff; }
.spoke-link.active, .spoke-link.active:visited { color: #E87722; }
.event-link.active, .event-link.active:visited { color: #E87722; }

/* ============================================================
   SPOKE PAGE
   ============================================================ */
.spoke-hero {
  padding: 48px 0 40px;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1a1a2e 0%, #2a2a4a 100%);
  color: #fff;
  border-bottom: 4px solid #E87722;
}
.spoke-breadcrumb {
  font-size: 12px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1.5px;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.7);
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.spoke-breadcrumb a { color: #E87722; text-decoration: none; }
.spoke-breadcrumb a:hover { color: #fff; }
.spoke-breadcrumb span { margin: 0 6px; opacity: 0.5; }
.spoke-hero h1 { font-size: 34px; font-weight: 800; margin: 0 0 10px; color: #fff; }
.spoke-hero .spoke-city { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.7); font-size: 15px; }

.spoke-stats-band { background: #f7f8fa; padding: 28px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee; }
.spoke-stat-block { text-align: center; }
.spoke-stat-block .h-num,
.spoke-stat-block .h-num-text {
  font-size: 36px;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: #E87722;
  line-height: 1;
  display: block;
}
.spoke-stat-block .h-label {
  font-size: 11px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1.2px;
  color: #999;
  margin-top: 8px;
  display: block;
}
.spoke-stat-block .h-num-text { font-size: 22px; }

.spoke-coordinator-section, .spoke-about, .spoke-events {
  background: #fff;
  border-radius: 10px;
  padding: 28px;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.04);
}
.spoke-coordinator-section h2, .spoke-about h2, .spoke-events h2 {
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #1a1a2e;
  border-left: 4px solid #E87722;
  padding-left: 12px;
  margin: 0 0 20px;
}

.coordinator-card {
  display: flex;
  gap: 18px;
  align-items: center;
}
.coord-avatar {
  flex-shrink: 0;
  width: 90px;
  height: 90px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #E87722, #bf5a14);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.coord-avatar img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; }
.coord-initials { font-size: 38px; color: #fff; font-weight: 800; }
.coord-body h4 { margin: 0 0 4px; font-size: 17px; font-weight: 700; color: #1a1a2e; }
.coord-title { font-size: 11px; font-weight: 700; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.5px; color: #E87722; margin-bottom: 6px; }
.coord-uni { font-size: 13px; color: #888; margin-bottom: 6px; }
.coord-email { font-size: 13px; color: #E87722; }

/* Event cards (in spoke list) */
.event-list { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 16px; }
.event-card {
  background: #f7f8fa;
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: 18px 22px;
  border-left: 3px solid #E87722;
  transition: transform 0.15s, box-shadow 0.15s, background 0.15s;
}
.event-card:hover { background: #fff; box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(0,0,0,0.06); transform: translateY(-2px); }
.event-card-meta { display: flex; gap: 12px; align-items: center; margin-bottom: 8px; }
.event-card-date { font-size: 12px; color: #888; font-weight: 600; }
.event-card-cat {
  background: #E87722;
  color: #fff;
  font-size: 10px;
  font-weight: 700;
  padding: 3px 8px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}
.event-card-title { font-size: 17px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0 0 6px; }
.event-card-title a { color: #1a1a2e; text-decoration: none; }
.event-card-title a:hover { color: #E87722; }
.event-card-desc { font-size: 13px; color: #666; line-height: 1.55; margin: 0 0 10px; }
.event-card-footer { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 6px; }
.event-card-loc { font-size: 12px; color: #999; }
.event-card-link { font-size: 12px; color: #E87722; font-weight: 600; text-decoration: none; }
.event-card-link i { margin-left: 4px; transition: margin-left 0.2s; }
.event-card:hover .event-card-link i { margin-left: 8px; }

/* ============================================================
   EVENT SINGLE PAGE
   ============================================================ */
.event-hero {
  padding: 48px 0 40px;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1a1a2e 0%, #2a2a4a 100%);
  color: #fff;
  border-bottom: 4px solid #E87722;
}
.event-breadcrumb {
  font-size: 12px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1.5px;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.7);
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}
.event-breadcrumb a { color: #E87722; text-decoration: none; }
.event-breadcrumb a:hover { color: #fff; }
.event-breadcrumb span { margin: 0 8px; opacity: 0.4; }
.event-meta-row { display: flex; gap: 14px; align-items: center; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-bottom: 14px; }
.event-cat-badge {
  background: #E87722;
  color: #fff;
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 700;
  padding: 4px 10px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}
.event-date, .event-loc { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.85); font-size: 13px; }
.event-hero h1 { font-size: 34px; font-weight: 800; margin: 0 0 10px; line-height: 1.25; color: #fff; }
.event-description { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.85); font-size: 15px; max-width: 820px; }

.event-content {
  background: #fff;
  border-radius: 10px;
  padding: 36px 40px;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.04);
  font-size: 15px;
  line-height: 1.75;
  color: #333;
}
.event-content h2 { font-size: 22px; margin-top: 28px; color: #1a1a2e; }
.event-content h3 { font-size: 18px; margin-top: 22px; color: #1a1a2e; }
.event-content ul, .event-content ol { margin-bottom: 16px; }
.event-content code { background: #f7f8fa; padding: 2px 6px; border-radius: 3px; font-size: 13px; }

.event-tags { padding: 18px 0; font-size: 13px; color: #666; }
.event-tag {
  display: inline-block;
  background: #f7f8fa;
  color: #888;
  padding: 3px 10px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  margin-right: 6px;
  font-size: 12px;
}

.event-nav { display: flex; gap: 16px; margin-top: 24px; }
.event-nav a {
  flex: 1;
  background: #fff;
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: 14px 20px;
  text-decoration: none;
  border: 1px solid #eee;
  transition: border-color 0.15s, transform 0.15s;
}
.event-nav a:hover { border-color: #E87722; transform: translateY(-2px); }
.event-nav span { font-size: 11px; color: #888; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 1px; display: block; }
.event-nav strong { color: #1a1a2e; font-size: 14px; display: block; margin-top: 4px; }
.event-nav-next { text-align: right; }

/* ============================================================
   HOMEPAGE — Pillars Section
   ============================================================ */
.ies-pillars-section { padding: 70px 0; background: #fff; }
.ies-pillars-section .pillars-header { margin-bottom: 50px; }
.ies-pillars-section .pillars-header h2 {
  font-size: 32px; font-weight: 700; color: #1a1a2e; margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.ies-pillars-section .pillars-header h2 span { color: #E87722; }
.ies-pillars-section .pillars-header p { color: #888; font-size: 15px; }

.pillars-grid {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 28px;
}
.pillar-card {
  flex: 0 0 calc(33.333% - 28px);
  max-width: calc(33.333% - 28px);
  min-width: 260px;
  background: #fff;
  border-radius: 12px;
  padding: 32px 26px;
  text-align: center;
  border: 1px solid #f0f0f0;
  transition: transform 0.25s, box-shadow 0.25s, border-color 0.25s;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}
.pillar-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-6px);
  box-shadow: 0 14px 36px rgba(232, 119, 34, 0.12);
  border-color: #E87722;
}
.pillar-icon {
  width: 72px;
  height: 72px;
  margin: 0 auto 18px;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #E87722, #bf5a14);
  border-radius: 50%;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: #fff;
  font-size: 28px;
  box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(232, 119, 34, 0.25);
}
.pillar-card h4 {
  font-size: 17px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #1a1a2e;
  margin: 0 0 12px;
  min-height: 48px;
}
.pillar-card p {
  color: #666;
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  margin: 0;
  flex-grow: 1;
}

/* Tablet: 2 columns */
@media (max-width: 991px) {
  .pillar-card {
    flex: 0 0 calc(50% - 28px);
    max-width: calc(50% - 28px);
  }
}

/* Mobile: 1 column */
@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .pillar-card {
    flex: 0 0 100%;
    max-width: 100%;
  }
}

/* ============================================================
   Map Photo Cards (dedicated /hubs-map/ page)
   ============================================================ */
.map-photo-card {
  position: relative;
  border-radius: 6px;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: 0 3px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.18);
  border: 2px solid #fff;
  background: #f0f0f0;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: transform 0.15s, box-shadow 0.15s;
  margin: 0 auto;
}
.map-photo-spoke { width: 36px; height: 36px; }
.map-photo-hub   { width: 44px; height: 44px; border-width: 3px; }
.map-photo-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px) scale(1.08);
  box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(0,0,0,0.25);
}
.map-photo-card img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
}
.map-photo-count {
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 1px;
  left: 1px;
  right: 1px;
  background: linear-gradient(transparent, rgba(0,0,0,0.85));
  color: #fff;
  font-size: 9px;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-align: center;
  padding: 6px 2px 2px;
  line-height: 1;
}
.map-photo-hub .map-photo-count { font-size: 11px; }
.map-photo-tail {
  width: 0; height: 0;
  border-left: 4px solid transparent;
  border-right: 4px solid transparent;
  border-top: 6px solid #fff;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

/* Spoke name label inside hub-level popup */
.popup-event-spoke {
  display: inline-block;
  font-size: 10px;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.55);
  margin-left: 6px;
  font-style: italic;
}

/* ============================================================
   Event Popup (slides in from right)
   ============================================================ */
.event-popup {
  position: fixed;
  top: 50%;
  right: 30px;
  transform: translateY(-50%) translateX(120%);
  width: 380px;
  max-height: 75vh;
  background: rgba(13, 17, 23, 0.97);
  color: #fff;
  border-radius: 12px;
  box-shadow: 0 20px 60px rgba(0,0,0,0.7);
  z-index: 10000;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  transition: transform 0.32s cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.9, 0.3, 1.0);
  font-family: sans-serif;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.event-popup.open {
  transform: translateY(-50%) translateX(0);
}
.popup-header {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: flex-start;
  padding: 18px 22px 14px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
}
.popup-title {
  font-size: 18px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #fff;
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}
.popup-meta {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.6);
  letter-spacing: 0.3px;
}
.popup-close {
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
  border: none;
  color: #fff;
  width: 30px; height: 30px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  font-size: 18px;
  cursor: pointer;
  line-height: 1;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}
.popup-close:hover { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.18); }

.popup-events {
  overflow-y: auto;
  padding: 8px 0;
  flex-grow: 1;
}
.popup-event {
  display: flex;
  gap: 14px;
  padding: 10px 22px;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: #fff;
  border-left: 3px solid transparent;
  transition: background 0.15s, border-color 0.15s;
}
.popup-event:hover {
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.04);
  border-left-color: #E87722;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: #fff;
}
.popup-event img {
  width: 56px; height: 56px;
  border-radius: 6px;
  object-fit: cover;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}
.popup-event-body { flex: 1; min-width: 0; }
.popup-event-cat {
  display: inline-block;
  font-size: 9px;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
  padding: 2px 6px;
  border-radius: 3px;
  color: #fff;
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}
.popup-event-title {
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.3;
  margin-bottom: 3px;
  color: #fff;
}
.popup-event-date {
  font-size: 11px;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.55);
}
.popup-view-all {
  display: block;
  text-align: center;
  padding: 14px 22px;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #E87722, #bf5a14);
  color: #fff;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-decoration: none;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
}
.popup-view-all:hover { color: #fff; opacity: 0.9; text-decoration: none; }
.popup-view-all i { margin-left: 6px; transition: margin-left 0.2s; }
.popup-view-all:hover i { margin-left: 12px; }

@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .event-popup { right: 10px; left: 10px; width: auto; }
}

/* ============================================================
   Event Wall (homepage)
   ============================================================ */
.ies-event-wall {
  padding: 70px 0 80px;
  background: #f7f8fa;
}
.ies-event-wall .wall-header { margin-bottom: 40px; }
.ies-event-wall .wall-header h2 {
  font-size: 30px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #1a1a2e;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}
.ies-event-wall .wall-header p {
  color: #888;
  font-size: 15px;
}

.event-wall-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  gap: 18px;
  margin-bottom: 40px;
}
@media (max-width: 991px) { .event-wall-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); } }
@media (max-width: 768px) { .event-wall-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); } }
@media (max-width: 480px) { .event-wall-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }

.event-tile {
  position: relative;
  display: block;
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
  border-radius: 10px;
  overflow: hidden;
  text-decoration: none;
  box-shadow: 0 3px 14px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
  transition: transform 0.25s, box-shadow 0.25s;
}
.event-tile:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow: 0 14px 32px rgba(232, 119, 34, 0.22);
  text-decoration: none;
}
.event-tile-img {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background-size: cover;
  background-position: center;
  transition: transform 0.4s ease-out;
}
.event-tile:hover .event-tile-img { transform: scale(1.06); }

.event-tile-overlay {
  position: absolute;
  left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0;
  padding: 28px 16px 14px;
  background: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(0,0,0,0.85) 0%, rgba(0,0,0,0.5) 60%, rgba(0,0,0,0) 100%);
  color: #fff;
}
.event-tile-cat {
  display: inline-block;
  background: #E87722;
  color: #fff;
  font-size: 9px;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.6px;
  padding: 3px 8px;
  border-radius: 3px;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}
.event-tile-title {
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.3;
  color: #fff;
  margin-bottom: 6px;
}
.event-tile-meta {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  font-size: 11px;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.85);
  gap: 8px;
}
.event-tile-loc i { color: #E87722; margin-right: 4px; }
.event-tile-date { white-space: nowrap; }

.ies-event-wall .wall-footer { margin-top: 20px; }
.ies-event-wall .wall-footer .btn-primary {
  padding: 12px 28px;
  font-size: 14px;
  border-radius: 30px;
}

/* Animations */
@keyframes fadeInUp {
  from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(24px); }
  to   { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
}
.fade-in-up { animation: fadeInUp 0.7s ease both; }
.fade-in-up.delay-1 { animation-delay: 0.15s; }
.fade-in-up.delay-2 { animation-delay: 0.3s; }
.fade-in-up.delay-3 { animation-delay: 0.45s; }